29 results
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
formation • Other vegetations ... -> TEE • Duke Criteria ... Treat underlying cause ... -mm left sided vegetations ... #diagnosis #management
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... - Most common cause ... Infective endocarditis ... (vegetations)/tumor ... #diagnosis #differential
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
is required for diagnosis ... false-negative results: vegetation ... already embolised, Vegetations ... in up to 30% of cases ... - Infectious Diseases
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation ... - Most Common Cause ... rheumatic valve disease ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis
Upper GI Bleed - Management Algorithm

Upper GI bleed Suspected: Melena, hematemesis, coffee-ground emesis, BRBPR
Initial Stabilization
Concern for
Upper GI Bleed - Management ... Consult GI ± EGD Causes ... • Peptic Ulcer Disease ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... gastrointestinal #gastroenterology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... Rheumatic heart disease ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... Vegetations seen ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Whipple Disease (Tropheryma whipplei) - Diagnosis and Management 

Caused by: Tropheryma whipplei

Symptoms and Signs:
1. Migratory poly/oligoarthralgia
Whipple Disease ... and Management ... Caused by: Tropheryma ... Criteria - Either ... #management #criteria
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential Diagnosis ... formation • Other vegetations ... → TEE • Duke Criteria ... Treat underlying cause ... -mm left sided vegetations
Graves Disease - Autoimmune Hyperthyroidism
Epidemiology: Most common cause of hyperthyroidism, Incidence peaks at 30-50
Diagnosis: 
1 )
Graves Disease - ... Epidemiology: Most common cause ... peaks at 30-50 Diagnosis ... younger>older), A Fib ... #management #endocrinology
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Diagnosis:
 • Use a positive diagnostic strategy with
and Management ... • Rome IV Criteria ... Rifaximin- up to 3 courses ... TinaPhamHang via Emory Gastroenterology ... #Management #gastroenterology