1708 results
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase ... . mannitol) 3) Loop ... #pharmacology #nephrology
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Interaction CARBONIC ANHYDRASE ... empagliflozin LOOP ... summary #table #nephrology
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Metolazone Loop ... Triamterene Carbonic anhydrase ... #Pharmacology #nephrology ... #conversion #loop
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Diuretics (carbonic anhydrase ... inhibitors, loop ... syndrome (mimics loop ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase ... +2Cl- Symport (Loop ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Thiazide Type - Loop ... Blocker - Carbonic Anhydrase
Overview of effects of diuretics and hormones involved in fluid homeostasis.

#diruetic #diuretics 
#aldosterone #ADH #ANP #BNP
#thiazide
hydrocholorothyazide #loop ... amiloride #carbonic #anhydrase
Thiazide
diuretics
Carbonic anhydrase
inhibitors
(e.g., acetazolamide)
Nat-Cl symport
Na and HCO;-
reabsorption
Aldosterone
antagonists
(e.g., spironolactone)
Nat channel
(indirect effect)
Loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide)
Amiloride,
#triamterene
Nat-K+-2CF symport
Na channel
(direct effect)
#NaCI reabsorption
diuretics Carbonic anhydrase ... indirect effect) Loop
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
Inherited carbonic anhydrase ... classification #nephrology
Nephron Pathophysiology Study Guide 

- Proximal Tubule
- Loop of Henle
- Distal Tubule
- Collecting Duct

The Kidney Zone

#Nephron
Proximal Tubule - Loop ... Zone #Nephron #Nephrology