13 results
Hormonal Regulation of the Blood Calcium concentration

#Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid #Calcitonin #Calcitriol #PTH #Endocrinology #Pathophysiology #Hormones
Hormonal Regulation ... #Regulation #Parathyroid ... Calcitriol #PTH #Endocrinology ... #Pathophysiology ... #Hormones
Effects of Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Calcitonin on Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism

#Parathyroid #hormone #PTH #Calcitonin #phosphate
Effects of Parathyroid ... hormone (PTH) and ... Calcitonin on Calcium ... phosphate #metabolism #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
Parathyroid Hormone ... mendesthiagob #Parathyroid ... #Hormone #PTH # ... #Phosphorus #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
Hypoparathyroidism - Calcium-sensing ... activating mutation - Parathyroid ... hormone resistance ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis #Endocrinology ... #Differential
The principal endocrine 'axes' and glands. Parathyroid glands, adrenal zona glomerulosa and endocrine pancreas are not
Parathyroid glands ... gonadotrophin-releasing hormone ... Endocrine #Axes #Endocrinology ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... hormone–dependent ... hormone–related ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
low circulating calcium ... hormone secretion ... hormone with parathyroid ... Hypocalcemia #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential ... Assess for other hormonal ... Assess for non-hormonal ... Diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology ... #calcium
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... adenoma • Parathyroid ... Lithium use • Calcium-sensing ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... PTH-mediated • Parathyroid ... and intestinal calcium ... Mediated - Stimulate calcium ... #Differential #