10 results
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Infection: Bacterial (TB ... Necrotizing PNA, Abscess ... Valvular (Mitral stenosis ... AVM, Thoracic aortic ... #causes
Massive Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management
Definition: 150-600 mL over 24 hours
Differential Diagnosis:
 • Tracheobronchial:
Massive Hemoptysis ... Parenchymal: PNA, Abscess ... , TB, Mycetoma, ... Primary Vascular: Pulmonary ... Vasculitis, Mitral Stenosis
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Pathophysiology ... , or bronchial stenosis ... westermani • Other: TB ... #pulmonary #differential ... #causes #management
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Diagnosis and Management ... extrapulmonary cases ... symptoms of active pulmonary ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... for concomitant pulmonary
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... emboli • Lung abscess ... Complications: Hemoptysis ... tracheobronchial stenosis ... #Diagnosis #Management
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... emboli • Lung abscess ... Complications: Hemoptysis ... tracheobronchial stenosis ... #Diagnosis #Management
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
CA • Involves aortic ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... -> TEE • Duke Criteria ... Treat underlying cause ... Endocarditis #diagnosis #management
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
specific diagnostic criteria ... , pulmonary infiltrates ... lymphadenitis, pulmonary ... osteomyelitis, cutaneous abscesses ... Differential #Diagnosis #Management
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Assess functional ... murmur 3/6) - Pulmonary ... risk (>5%): - Aortic ... Severe Aortic stenosis ... medical and surgical management
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... Diagnostic Criteria ... for brain and/or optic ... , Hep A/B/CMV, TB ... Myelitis #diagnosis #management