12 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Skin and/or ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
as arrhythmias and ... treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... transfusion • HTN and ... • Recent IV potassium ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... only if no clear cause ... Insulin 5-10U reg ... #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... transfusion • HTN and ... • Recent IV potassium ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hoover's Sign for Functional Lower Extremity Paralysis

Used to distinguish organic from functional leg hemiparesis.

Ask the patient
Hoover's Sign for ... Ask the patient ... normal people and ... effort is not being ... hemiparesis #clinical #video
Pseudohyperkalemia vs Reverse Hyperkalemia

Pseudohyperkalemia and reverse pseudohyperkalemia are both conditions where potassium levels appear falsely elevated.

Pseudohyperkalemia:
This
Causes: • Thrombocytosis ... • No clinical signs ... ECG despite high K+ ... #Potassium #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential Diagnosis ... pain or spasm - legs ... Loss of sodium/Potassium ... → Syncope • Signs ... #causes #stroke
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic ... Tubulopathy: urine K/ ... correcting serum potassium ... continued in most cases ... #algorithm #nephrology