10 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypertensive: ... • High Al, Low R ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Renin, High Aldosterone ... Tumor Low Renin ... Renin, Low Aldosterone ... #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
urinary losses: • High ... consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #low
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... CHF, cirrhosis, hypotension ... Renin, High Aldosterone ... Renin, Low Aldosterone ... Renin, Low Aldosterone
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Diagnosis Framework ... Loss of sodium/Potassium ... High body temperatures ... #diagnosis #causes ... #stroke #heatstroke
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVC's) - Summary Framework

Why PVCs?  Can be the first manifestation of cardiac
: • Hypertension ... classified as: • Low ... Diagnosis: • PAC ... to PVCs but are benign ... #differential #
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... Hypomagnesemia • Hypertension ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #diagnosis
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #High ... #Potassium #Classification
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Myopathies: Commonly symmetric proximal muscle weakness, no substantial muscle pain
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential ... or ALS • Very slow ... Camptocormia (bending ... weakness • Very high ... statins - probably caused