28 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm using Urine Potassium to Creatinine Ratio

#Hypokalemia #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Potassium #Creatinine #Ratio
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm using Urine ... Potassium to Creatinine ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... ratio in the urine ... Urine K+ <13 mEq ... artery stenosis, Renin ... #potassium #differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Decreased renal potassium ... Drugs Increased potassium ... Diabetic Nephropathy Renin ... Normal, Renin High ... #differential
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Purple Urine Bag ... E.coli*) + alkaline urine ... BrighamChiefs #Purple #Urine ... pathophysiology #clinical #photo ... #differential #
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... syndrome PRA: plasma renin ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Hyperkalemia • Direct renin ... Aliskiren) • Renin ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... #pharmacology #potassium
Increased Urinary Frequency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Non-increased urine volume (<2mL/min), Rule out polyuria
Extrinsic to Urinary Tract:
Urinary Frequency - Differential ... Non-increased urine ... Obstruction: • Benign ... Urinary #Frequency #Differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... artery stenosis, Renin-secreting ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #potassium