57 results
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
, Liver diseases ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... , Liver diseases ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... #differential #hematology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Liver Function Tests ... Liver Function Tests ... • Liver Disease ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Framework for Anemia ... chronic kidney disease ... Alcohol use, Liver disease ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... , Drugs, Liver Disease ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Laboratory Tests ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Nail Disorders secondary to Systemic Diseases
Nail Fold Abnormality
 • SLE
 • Scleroderma
 • Dermatomyositis
Koilonychia - Spoon-shaped
secondary to Systemic Diseases ... Iron deficiency anemia ... • Any systemic disease ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Systemic #Secondary #dermatology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Congenital Diseases ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... and Autoimmune Diseases ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
Clinical Syndrome ... thromboembolic disease ... vasculitis • Hematologic ... Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... criteria for 1) hematologic
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... • Nonmalignant hematologic ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... • Symptoms of anemia ... • Diagnostic Test ... Donath-Landsteiner test ... #hematology #diagnosis