46 results
Aplastic Anemia and Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes with Pancytopenia

Fanconi Anemia
Acquired Aplastic Anemia
Dyskeratosis Congenita & Telemore Biology
Aplastic Anemia ... Marrow Failure Syndromes ... Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome ... #Pancytopenia #Syndromes ... #diagnosis #Hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ... Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal ... Autoimmune #Hemolytic #Anemia ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... erythematosus • HLH • Paroxysmal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) - HELLP syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... Transfusion reaction, Paroxysmal ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Iron deficiency anemia ... Chronic disease anemia ... Sideroblastic anemia ... , Paroxysmal cold ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... Constitutional Syndromes ... marrow-failure syndromes ... • Paroxysmal nocturnal ... #oncology #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Iron-deficiency anemia ... Sideroblastic anemia ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... #differential #hematology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
for Hemolytic Anemia ... incompatibility • Paroxysmal ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... classification #hematology
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
Clinical Syndrome ... vasculitis • Hematologic ... Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... criteria for 1) hematologic ... Autoinflammatory #Somatic #rheumatology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Framework for Anemia ... thalassemia • Anemia ... Normocytic" • Anemia ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #hematology