35 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Physiologic Approach ... time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... table #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Algorithm UOsm ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #differential #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Hypomagnesemia, Hypocalcemia ... #Causes #neurology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sensitive) • AKI ... , AKD, rapidly progressive ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 • Pseudohyponatremia:
Diagnostic Approach ... to Hyponatremia ... 8, Somnolence, Seizures ... Primary Polydipsia, Low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Causes of Secondary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperglycemia • Hypocalcemia ... • Hyponatremia ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
Causes of Provoked ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperglycemia • Hypocalcemia ... • Hyponatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology