26 results
Motor and Reflex Grading (0-5)

Motor Strength Grading

5	Normal

4	Reduced, moves against resistance

3	Moves against gravity

2	Moves only with elimination of
Motor and Reflex ... Strength Grading 5 Normal ... Increased 2 Normal ... Scoring #Grades #Diagnosis ... #Neurology
Parkinson's Plus Syndromes - Atypical Parkinsonism
Main motor symptoms:
 • Tremors
 • Limb rigidity
 • Bradykinesia
Other symptoms
Parkinson's Plus Syndromes ... Parkinsonism Main motor ... (CBS) • Dementia ... #Parkinsonism #diagnosis ... #neurology
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
(Contralateral motor ... • Aphasia • Apraxia ... Cognition/Confusion, Dementia ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology
A normal plantar reflex response involves toe flexion, or even no movement. A positive test, also
A normal plantar ... reflex response ... with an upper motor ... PhysicalExam #Diagnosis ... #Neurology
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
mutations - Down syndrome ... concentration • Motor ... seizure, primitive reflexes ... incontinence, apraxia ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome ... • Locked-in syndrome ... movements; also normal ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Spinal Cord Injury by Nerve Root Levels
Spinal Root	Sensory	Motor	Reflex
C4	Acromioclavicular Joint	Respiration	None
C5	Radial Antecubital Fossa	Elbow Flexion	Biceps Reflex
C6	Dorsal Thumb	Wrist Extension	Brachioradialis Reflex
C7	Dorsal
Spinal Root Sensory Motor ... C6 Dorsal Thumb ... C7 Dorsal Middle ... #differential #diagnosis ... #Neurology #Spine
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Complete loss of motor ... upper and lower motor ... bladder and rectal reflex ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #orthopedics #neurology
Wet, Wacky, Wobbly Triad of Symptoms in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH)

Wet - Urinary Incontinence
Wacky - Reduced
of Symptoms in Normal ... Attention Span → Dementia ... Wobbly - Ataxic ... Hydrocephalus #NPH #Triad #Diagnosis ... #Neurology
Principal patterns of loss of sensation.
 (a) Thalamic lesion: sensory loss throughout opposite side (rare).
Brown—Séquard syndrome ... modalities, including motor ... (f) Dorsal column ... #Diagnosis #Neurology ... Review in Clinical Neurology