10 results
Acute Rheumatic Fever: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Delayed autoimmune reaction
-> Molecular mimicry
-> GAS antigen cross-reacts with host
->
Acute Rheumatic Fever ... • Arthralgia ... RheumaticFever #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Deposition - Arthralgia ... Myopathy (Also caused ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... lumbar spine Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... , burning pain radiating ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
narrowing and vascular ... hyalinization causes ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
• Symptoms and signs ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... Sarcoidosis - Radiation ... Vascular/Blockage ... differential #algorithm
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Night sweats • Arthralgias ... purpura: Strong sign ... , weight loss, arthralgia ... pulse deficits vascular ... tract, and often causes
CARDIAC RIND Mnemonic for Causes of Pericarditis

C - Collagen vascular disease - SLE, RA, Scleroderma, Vasculitis,
RIND Mnemonic for Causes ... C - Collagen vascular ... Aneurysm R - Radiation ... R - Rheumatic fever ... Group A Strep complication
Avascular Necrosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Physical Trauma (esp. to the scaphoid bone with damage
) • Multiple causes ... steroid use) - Radiation ... hypolucency "Crescent sign ... AvascularNecrosis #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... Coronary arteries - Fever ... Vasculitis: • Fevers ... Night sweats • Arthralgias ... purpura: strong sign
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
chest pain as non-radiating ... Vital signs: BP ... structural and vascular ... complications. ... Most commonly caused