203 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Findings Causes ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #Differential # ... Causes #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
hyperbilirubinemia, Gilbert syndrome ... Crigler-Najjar syndrome ... Hereditary Cholestatic Syndromes ... Dubin-Johnson syndrome ... , Rotor syndrome
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Chloride depletion syndromes ... - Bartter syndrome ... - Gitelman syndrome ... • Liddle syndrome ... • Milk alkali syndrome
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
Jaundice - Differential ... • Drugs (e.g. ... • Gilbert's Syndrome ... Crigler-Najjar Syndromes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Myocarditis - Diagnosis and Causes
 • Clinical presentation: Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome, Cardiac failure <3 rnonths, Cardiogenic
Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome ... Recent flu-like syndrome ... Paraclinical assessment: EKG ... #Myocarditis #differential ... #cardiology #MRI
Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Primary Myocardial Processes (> 90%):
 • Acquired structural heart disease: CAD, Most
Long/short QT syndromes ... , Brugada syndrome ... Acquired long QT syndrome ... disorders • WPW syndrome ... #differential #
There are two patterns of T-wave abnormality in Wellens’ syndrome:
-Type A = Biphasic, with initial positivity
abnormality in Wellens’ syndrome ... inverted (75% of cases ... ) #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #ECG #EKG #Wellens ... #Syndrome #TypeA
Causes of Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis
Increased Hydrostatic Pressure
 • Volume Expansion: Kidney failure, Pregnancy, Medication
Causes of Peripheral ... Edema - Differential ... Heart failure, Pulmonary ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Permeability: Sepsis
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... Drugs (antibiotics e.g ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... #Differential #
Deep T Wave Inversions - Differential
Normal variants 
  A. Juvenile T wave pattern
Wave Inversions - Differential ... cardiomyopathy (Yamaguchi syndrome ... wave inversion syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Cardiology #ECG