21 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
tubular cells - Acute ... tubular injury ... - Renal infection ... renal disease ... tubular injury
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
repeat testing • Acute ... WBCs, or urine ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... for renal biopsy ... #blood #urine
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... and concentrated urine ... are seen in acute ... Urinary tract infections ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Kidney Injury ( ... • Sepsis • Blood ... • Inflammatory disease ... • Infection ... #Kidney #Injury
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... Immune mediated injury ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #nephrology #renal ... #urine #blood
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
proteinuria as a disease ... and parasites (infections ... • Urinary casts ... used with normal renal ... Acute Kidney Injury
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Statins - ETOH - Infection ... UA positive for blood ... Cast formation: ... disease 2. ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... Light chain (LC) cast ... LC deposition disease ... gammopathy of renal ... malignancies Treatment
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Algorithm Red blood ... cells on urine ... and/or RBC casts ... • Thin GBM disease ... glomerulonephritis • Post-Infectious
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
: Secondary to infections ... , Busulfan • Disease ... diagnosis #kidney #blood ... #urine #management ... #treatment #nephrology