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Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook

Acute Idiopathic Unilateral Facial Nerve (CN7) Palsy
Presentation:
Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis ... GrepMed Handbook Acute ... inflammatory cause ... ) • EMG/NCS (rare ... #Neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Antimicrobial treatment ... Demyelinating disease caused ... rapidly progressive encephalopathy ... • VZV • HIV encephalopathy
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... acidosis: - CNS
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... have fever - ACS ... , AKI, acute limb ... Elevated uric acid ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
Fever (75%) • Encephalopathy ... decrease (<200 cells ... an HIV Nucleic Acid ... antibody test) Treatment ... Syndrome #HIV #diagnosis
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
Phos, high uric acid ... Treat underlying cause ... ) - Symptoms: CNS ... renal failure, pulmonary ... Oncology #HemeOnc #Diagnosis
Causes of Myoclonus - Differential Diagnosis
LOCALIZATION:
 • Cortical: Focal/multifocal: Distal UL+ Face, Action/sensitive induced
 • Sub-Cortical:
Causes of Myoclonus ... Glu, thyroid), encephalopathy ... hepatic, septic, pulmonary ... ), acid-base, opioids ... #Causes #neurology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... pulmonary edema ... Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
increase in CD4+ cells ... Lymphadenitis, pulmonary ... pleural effusions, CNS ... lymphadenitis, pulmonary ... Calmette-Guérin (BCG