15 results
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC ... AIHA, Transfusion reactions ... Defects, Drugs, Liver ... - Unconjugated Bilirubin ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Liver Chemistry ... Phosphatase and Bilirubin ... mitochondria (mAST ... initial insult Bilirubin ... #Hepatology #Pathophysiology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Anemia Intrinsic Causes ... : • Liver disease ... MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC ... • Transfusion reactions ... classification #hematology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
marrow disease - DIC ... deficiency • Liver ... Purpura Fulminans (DIC ... fever • Drug reactions ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... = nonspecific (nausea ... rapidly develops (DIC ... #Pregnancy #hepatology ... #pathophysiology
Algorithm regarding the diagnosis and treatment of Hereditary Hemochromatosis HH. 

Step 1: In the patient with
out additional causes ... and hematologic ... If other causes ... algorithm #diagnosis #management ... #hepatology #gastroenterology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... • Severe Liver ... Treat primary cause ... #treatment #management ... #hematology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... slightly elevated • Bilirubin ... or higher • Liver ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
pain, dark urine, DIC ... Causes purpura & ... eruptions, diarrhea, liver ... Transfusion #diagnosis #management ... #hematology #reactions
Nutrition in Cirrhosis: Dos and Don’ts
Screening:
 • Patients at risk for RFH-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool
 • Low
Assessment) • Muscle mass ... maintaining muscle mass ... relevance of muscle mass ... Cirrhosis #diet #management ... #hepatology #pathophysiology