9 results
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... Chloride-rich diarrhea ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... other • Severe potassium ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Supplement: • Potassium ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Amyloidosis Diagnosis
1) Patient presentation
 • Cardiac-specific signs of amyloidosis: Diastolic heart failure, Heart failure with preserved
Amyloidosis Diagnosis ... Hepatomegaly and diarrhea ... to 3 based on comparison ... with serum and urine ... #cardiology
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
in recipient (e.g ... flank pain, dark urine ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... products contain potassium ... #Transfusions #diagnosis