11 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... • Refeeding syndrome ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... vomiting) • Low ... #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... - Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... nephrology #phosphorus #workup
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... #nephrology #low
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... #differential #algorithm
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
• Normal or low ... Hypokalemia (renal potassium ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... Supplement: • Potassium
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
hormones that work ... for Refeeding Syndrome ... both conditions, low ... provided the starting potassium ... #differential #algorithm