23 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Differential Diagnosis ... - Acute and chronic ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Vomiting - Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Poor ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Potassium #Table ... #Classification
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... Diarrhea #Hypophosphatemia
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... diarrhea / IBD ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
Shock - Differential ... Diagnosis by Classification ... • Severe diarrhea ... #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Table #CriticalCare
Bedside Classification of Shock

Hypovolemic shock 

- Vomiting, diarrhea, overdiuresis 

- Hemorrhage (GI, peritoneal, RP) 

Distributive shock
Bedside Classification ... - Vomiting, diarrhea ... decompensated chronic ... Cardiogenic #Comparison #Table ... #Diagnosis #Features
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... : • Acute or chronic
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
failure (acute and chronic ... Diarrhea B. ... Chronic progressive ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
nasogastric suction, Diarrhea ... - Diuretics (carbonic ... , Heat stroke, Fever ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis
Osmotic
 • Food/Drink: Lactose intolerance, Artificial sweeteners (e.g. sorbitol, high
Diarrhea - Differential ... Diagnosis Osmotic ... #Diarrhea #Causes ... #Differential # ... #classification