22 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Differential Diagnosis ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #potassium #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... (NG suction, diarrhea ... vomiting) • Low ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... of phase 4 to slow ... 3 - Potassium Channel ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Chronic diarrhea ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
open leading to slow ... Vaughan Williams Classification ... 3 - Potassium Channel ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
- Differential Diagnosis ... are present • Classic ... B-Cell ~90% • Low ... Lymphoproliferative #Disorders #Classification ... #pathophysiology
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Overview

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon hematological malignancy arising from mature B cells. It
) Classification ... Blood Count - Low ... may be high or low ... lymph node biopsy (diagnostic ... #classification