21 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
NG drainage - Diarrhea ... - Polyuria - Hypomagnesemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... - Chronic diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Urine Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... @kdjhaveri #Hypomagnesemia ... #Magnesium #Low ... #Causes #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... ) Renal Losses: ... Ureterosigmoidoscopy • HTN, Low ... #potassium #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
: • GI losses ... (NG suction, diarrhea ... vomiting) • Low ... Algorithm #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Diagnosis Algorithm Low ... Medication • Hypomagnesemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Classification
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... aldosteronism #Hypomagnesemia ... nephrology #magnesium #low
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... biliary fistula - Diarrhea ... osmotic diuresis - Potassium ... aldosteronism #Hypomagnesemia ... #Causes #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... Gitelman syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium