12 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
and Features of Hyponatremia ... Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... Vomiting - Diarrhea ... #Hyponatremia ... #Table #Causes
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... - Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... - Vomiting, Diarrhea ... #Features #Diagnosis ... #Comparison #Table
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... Hyperventilation #Hypernatremia
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... case of hypotonic hyponatremia ... Physiologic #Hypotonic #Hyponatremia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia ... TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... nephrology #sodium #low
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
- Differential Diagnosis ... by Classification ... • Severe diarrhea ... obstruction to blood flow ... #Table #CriticalCare
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Differential Diagnosis ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
lymphohistiocytosis (HLH ... inflammatory disease How ... hypersensitivity syndromes • HLH ... 10,000 ng/mL • Hyponatremia ... Activation #Syndrome #Diagnosis
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Diagnostic Criteria - 2004 vs 2009

At least three of the following: 
 -
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH ... ) Diagnostic Criteria ... tissue biopsy - Low ... Hypofibrinogenemia - Hyponatremia ... @PulmCrit #HLH