13 results
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Disorders - Evaluation ... delta/delta) to see ... 3) Now, look at ... the chronicity (acute ... , chronic, or acute
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... #differential # ... #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Normal/low ... • Normal acid-base ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Normal Acid-Base ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #causes #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Normal/low ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... of sodium and potassium ... #nephrology #differential
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Appropriately Low ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... Refeeding Syndrome, Acute ... Respiratory Alkalosis ... inhibitor, Estrogen based
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... paraproteinemia, acute ... Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... resp. alkalosis ... Denosumab, Estrogen based
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... - Metabolic alkalosis ... NGT suction - Diarrhea
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Acid-base ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low