28 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... , Hypomagnesemia ... #Causes #neurology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... - Differential ... Urine Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... #Magnesium #Low ... #Causes #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... : • Acute or chronic ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypokalemia • Hypomagnesemia ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... endocrinology #causes
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
- Differential ... Pseudohypoparathyroidism, Chronic ... Hyperphosphatemia, Low ... contrast agents • Hypomagnesemia ... #Causes #algorithm
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Normal/low ... Gitelman syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... diarrhea, Kidney ... #causes #urinary
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... diarrhea / IBD ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Low # ... Classification #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Algorithm UOsm ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology