14 results
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
transplant - SLE ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential # ... causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #Differential # ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Low # ... Potassium #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... #Differential # ... #Causes #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
- Differential ... Urine Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low ... #Causes #Differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... wasting from other causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... #differential #
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... loss • Watery Diarrhea
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... <20mmol/d • Diarrhea ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Factors that May Affect Fetal Oxygenation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Excessive Uterine Activity:
 • Hyperstimulation
 • Placental
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Uterine Blood Flow ... Vasculopathy (SLE ... #Causes #Obstetrics ... #OBGyn