20 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Increased Urinary ... Beta-Agonist - Refeeding ... Syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #low #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... Palpitations • Diarrhea ... deficiency • Primary ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... paralysis • Refeeding ... syndrome • Thyrotoxicosis ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... vomiting) • Low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... - Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #causes #urinary
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Recovery From DKA • Refeeding ... Syndrome • Acute ... Respiratory Alkalosis ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... endocrinology #causes
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Appropriately Low ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... Transcellular Shift: Refeeding ... Respiratory Alkalosis ... • N Vitamin D: Primary
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... Transcellular Shift: Refeeding ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... consumption • Low ... - Metabolic Alkalosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... secreting tumor, Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium