19 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... , a high urine chloride ... the indicated causes ... #Urinary #Chloride
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... diarrhea), Sweat ... - Normal/low ... #causes #urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
intake • Metabolic ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... secreting tumor, Primary ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... losses: • High ... consumption • Low ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Chloride ... chloridorrhea - High-volume ... syndromes • Primary ... <2 mmol/L) #Metabolic
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... transplant - SLE ... High Renin - ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diuretics (late) • High ... hyperaldosteronism • High ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Intake: • Low ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... • Fatigue Chloride ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Al, Low R - Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... diarrhea (congenital ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... other • Severe potassium ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes