11 results
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Unilateral RAS Metabolic ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... starts by measuring urinary ... the existence of hypertension ... suggests either secondary ... #causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Hypomagnesemia - Hypertension ... #causes #urinary
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... Algorithm Cl- ... Hypomagnesemia • Hypertension ... the indicated causes ... #urine #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... secreting tumor, Primary ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Primary hyperaldo ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... heart failure, neurologic ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... Hypothyroidism, Primary ... Neurologic disorders
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... mEq/g suggests urinary
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... Muscle weakness • Hypotension ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypertensive: ... High Al, Low R - Primary ... High Al, High R - Secondary ... #nephrology #causes