12 results
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Appropriately Low ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... • N Vitamin D: Primary ... #nephrology #phosphorus ... #workup
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... absorption (Antacids, Phosphorus ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... secreting tumor, Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea ... Primary hyperaldo ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Urinary Chloride ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... - Normal/low ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea ... #causes #urinary
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... wasting from other causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... consumption • Low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Classification #Causes ... #Workup #hypomg
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... the indicated causes ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... Potassium depletion, Phosphorus ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... nephrology #magnesium #low