10 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Losses Non-renal ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... vomiting) • Low K ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Algorithm Acidosis ... - RTA - Diarrhea ... Renal artery stenosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... suggests extra-renal ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Addison’s disease ... deficiency • Renal ... insufficiency/Failure • SLE ... Type IV RTA • Renal ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
- Renal Failure ... reabsorption) Workup ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... and Elimination (see ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Addison’s disease ... deficiency • Renal ... insufficiency/Failure • SLE ... Type IV RTA • Renal ... potassium #high #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Blood Work: - ... Hypokalemia - Hypomagnesemia ... K+ wasting - Inappropriate ... dominant kidney disease ... #nephrology
Algorithm for the Treatment of Membranous Lupus Nephritis
Sub-nephrotic-range proteinuria (<3.5g/d, normal serum albumin) and Preserved kidney
Algorithm for the ... SLE 4. ... for worsening disease ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology
Post-Transplant Diarrhea - Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Post-transplant diarrhea (≥ 3 loose or liquid stools per day)
Diagnosis and Management ... Algorithm Post-transplant ... Malabsorption workup ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #renal #kidney
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
(renal potassium ... • Autoimmune disease ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology