11 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Vomiting - Diarrhea ... #Table #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Diagnosis Poor ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Low #Potassium #Table ... #Classification
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemia ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... - Vomiting, Diarrhea ... #Classification ... #Features #Diagnosis ... #Comparison #Table
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... #Algorithm #Causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
- Differential Diagnosis ... by Classification ... • Severe diarrhea ... MI - Severe heart ... #Table #CriticalCare
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... : • Hypovolemia ... Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Hypervolemia: Congestive Heart ... #diagnosis #causes
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Diagnosis Framework ... illness → Hypernatremia ... Abdominal cramps, N/V, diarrhea ... Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... - Hyperkalemia
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... renal perfusion (Heart ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium