20 results
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
• Refeeding Syndrome ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... • Vitamin D Deficiency ... Steatorrhea • Chronic Diarrhea
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... • Cell shift: Hypokalemic ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... diuretics, Mg2+ deficiency ... #hypokalemia
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia ... Mineral corticoid deficiency ... , Salt-losing deficiency ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea
Hantavirus
Pathogen: Hantavirus - Rodents are the primary reservoir
Transmission:
 • Shed in the urine, feces, saliva of
Cardiopulmonary Syndrome ... , weakness +/- diarrhea ... • Autopsy PCR Treatment ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #microbiology #infectiousdiseases
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... nasogastric suction, Diarrhea ... diuresis, Bartter's syndrome ... use), Gitelman's syndrome ... excess and related syndromes
Clinical manifestations of anaphylaxis. 
Neurological (<15%): Dizziness, syncope, seizures, Confusion, impending doom. headache
Angioedema: Lips, tongue, orbit,
Clinical manifestations ... ischemia, arrhythmia, hypovolemia ... arrest, Kounis syndrome ... Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
may cause severe clinical ... Hypo-Mg2+ • Vitamin deficiency ... Palpitations • Diarrhea ... • Vitamin D deficiency ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Inherited (AR) hypokalemic ... tubule (DCT) Clinical ... • Unexplained hypokalemia ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Thiamine Deficiency ... Framework and Clinical ... Causes of Thiamine Deficiency ... Increased loss: - Diarrhea ... - Refeeding syndrome
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... disease, Chronic diarrhoea ... , Short bowel syndrome ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... drkeithsiau #Copper #Deficiency