115 results
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... HepB, HepC Bacterial ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes
Gonorrhea: Pathophysiology

 - Neonatal Transmission -> Direct contact of patient mucosa with mother's infected mucosa while
Gonorrhea: Pathophysiology ... infected mucosa Bacterial ... cell surface -> Bacteria ... antibodies and causes ... #Gonorrhea #Pathophysiology
Lower Urinary Tract Infections: Complications
 - Infection damages the urinary tract epithelium causing fibroblast proliferation and
Pyelonephritis - Bacterial ... - In males, bacteria ... Urease-producing bacteria ... urea which may cause ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
via droplets, bacterial ... cause quadriplegia ... pneumoniae -> Bacterial ... , meningitis & bacteremia ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome ... Sulfatase enzyme (bacteria ... Purple #Urine #Bag #Syndrome ... #PUBS #pathophysiology
Acute Pharyngitis: Differential Diagnosis
Infectious:
 • Respiratory viruses (25-45%)
 • Group A Strep (5-15%)
 • Other bacteria:
-15%) • Other bacteria ... Acute Retroviral Syndrome ... Diffuse viral syndromes ... PFAPA, Behcet syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Causes of Pediatric Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infectious:
 • Viral
 • Bacterial
 • Parasitic
Malabsorption:
 • Lactase
Causes of Pediatric ... • Viral • Bacterial ... • Short Bowel Syndrome ... Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Metabolic Pathways of Purple Urine Bag Syndrome: Adopted from chart originally published in Purple Urine Bag
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome ... Purple Urine Bag Syndrome ... Bacteria commonly ... #Pathophysiology ... Purple #Urine #Bag #Syndrome
Tree in Bud Sign
The Tree-in-Bud sign represents Endobronchial spread in a linear branching pattern and centrilobular
It is caused by ... actually seen in all causes ... bronchiolitis ljke bacterial ... pneumonia, congenital causes ... radiology #ChestCT #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #pathophysiology