23 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... thiazide diuretics, Bartter ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... Hippurate - Metabolic
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
hyperkalemia? ... patients with hyperkalemia ... - Causes lactic ... patients with a metabolic ... #Crystalloids #pharmacology
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
no respiratory cause ... show anion-gap metabolic ... Labs: Anion-Gap Metabolic ... Aspirin #Toxicity #Toxicology ... diagnosis #management #Treatment
Clozapine Toxicology
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic most often reserved for use in patients who have treatment-resistant
patients who have treatment-resistant ... following first-pass metabolism ... - Metabolism - ... Clozapine is known to cause ... Toxicity #Diagnosis #Pharmacology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypomagnesemia • Metabolic ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... Refeeding syndrome • Bartter ... syndrome • Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... Treatment of underlying ... Diagnosis #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... To prevent hypokalemia ... Due to neuronal metabolism ... Abdominal pain, nausea ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... disorders including hypokalemia ... and metabolic alkalosis ... hormonal excess or hypokalaemia ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic
Propofol-Related Infusion Syndrome (PRIS)

Diagnosis is based on a constellation of clinical suspicion and biochemical signs including:
Hyperlactatemia • Metabolic ... Hypertriglyceridemia • Hyperkalemia ... Diagnosis #Management #Pharmacology ... #Toxicity #Toxicology