11 results
Relative Risk of Various Predisoosing Conditions for Infective Endocarditis 
High Risk:
 - Prosthetic valves 
 -
- Aortic valve ... disease - Mitral ... regurgitation ... #RiskFactors #Cardiology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
consultation • Valve ... regurgitation or ... block (+/- daily EKG ... growth or worsening valve ... • Aggressive management
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
fever, Infective endocarditis ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... #differential #diagnosis ... #cardiology #causes
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG ... #management #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... Vegetations seen ... valve - Secondary ... #Mitral #Regurgitation ... Primary #Functional #Differential
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... (vegetations)/tumor ... atrial myxoma)/ball valve ... Causes #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Marantic Endocarditis 

Epidemiology:
 - Incidence of non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis if associated with cancer) is
on mitral and aortic ... valve. ... Vegetations mostly ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG ... #Endocarditis #Differential
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Pulse Pressure - Differential ... sclerosis (both heart valve ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Palpitations - Differential ... heart failure • Mitral ... valve prolapse ... regurgitation ... #Differential #