13 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
and Secondary Causes ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... #differential #diagnosis ... #cardiology #causes
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... disease Infective endocarditis ... atrial myxoma)/ball valve ... #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Prosthetic valve ... Involves aortic and mitral ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG ... #Endocarditis #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Regurgitation (MR) Causes ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... valve - Secondary ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
Diagnostic ... tamponade recurs. ❿ Plan ... definitive management ... specialist referral. ⓫ Plan ... #Management #Workup
Cardiac Stress Testing
Exercise:
 • Everyone who can exercise should!
 • They must be able to raise
85% of predicted value ... production to cause ... : EKG ($), ECHO ... Stress #Testing #cardiology ... #management #diagnosis
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
sclerosis (both heart valve ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis ... #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential Diagnosis ... • Prosthetic valve ... involves aortic and mitral ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG ... #Diagnosis #cardiology
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
heart failure • Mitral ... valve prolapse ... stenosis) • Severe mitral ... Mechanical prosthetic valve ... #Palpitations #Cardiology
Marantic Endocarditis 

Epidemiology:
 - Incidence of non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis if associated with cancer) is
vegetations on mitral ... and aortic valve ... destruction of valve ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Cardiology