67 results
Bradycardia Diagnostic and Management Algorithm

CONSIDER ETIOLOGY (not inclusive): 
 - STRUCTURAL: sick sinus, AV block, ischemia,
- ENDOCRINE: Hypothyroidism ... - TOX: beta-blockers ... LIFE THREATENING CAUSES ... TREATMENT - Drugs (beta-blockers ... Electrolytes (hyperkalemia
Pharmaceutical Management of Hyperthyroidism / Thyroid Storm
Beta-Blockers 
• Decreases sympathetic hyperactivity 
• Partially blocks peripheral conversion
Management of Hyperthyroidism ... Thyroid Storm Beta-Blockers ... peripheral conversion ... • Decreases conversion ... accompany storm #Hyperthyroidism
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... transplant - SLE High ... - NSAlDs - Beta-Blockers ... #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Drugs causing hyperkalemia
 • Impaired release of renin: NSAIDs, Beta blockers, Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes, Elderly
 •
Drugs causing hyperkalemia ... renin: NSAIDs, Beta ... blockers, Cyclosporine ... Drospirenone #Drugs #hyperkalemia ... #medications #causes
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Endocrine: • Hypothyroidism ... Medications: • Beta ... channel blockers ... Spondylarthropathies Other causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
↑ T3 - Mild hypercalcemia ... Treatment: - Beta ... blocker - Thionamide ... Treatment: • Beta ... #causes #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... potassium • Beta ... cell membrane - Beta ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated FSH
 • Premature Ovarian Failure
 • Menopa use
 • Spontaneous
Bleed With
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Challenge • Hypothyroidism ... • Hyperthyroidism ... Abnormalities High ... endocrinology #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... potassium • Beta ... cell membrane - Beta ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... Addison's disease, Hyperthyroidism ... #Causes #differential ... diagnosis #calcium #high