43 results
Bradycardia Diagnostic and Management Algorithm

CONSIDER ETIOLOGY (not inclusive): 
 - STRUCTURAL: sick sinus, AV block, ischemia,
Hypothyroidism - TOX: beta-blockers ... LIFE THREATENING CAUSES ... & TREATMENT - ... Drugs (beta-blockers ... Electrolytes (hyperkalemia
Drugs causing hyperkalemia
 • Impaired release of renin: NSAIDs, Beta blockers, Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes, Elderly
 •
Drugs causing hyperkalemia ... renin: NSAIDs, Beta ... blockers, Cyclosporine ... Drospirenone #Drugs #hyperkalemia ... #medications #causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Aldosterone • ENaC blockers ... nephropathy • Beta ... #IntercellularShift ... #Causes
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... inhibitors Other causes ... - NSAlDs - Beta-Blockers ... #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... cells: Insulin, Beta-Agonist ... Refeeding Syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #causes #potassium
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Medications: • Beta ... blockers • Calcium ... channel blockers ... Spondylarthropathies Other causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Management of Hyperkalemia ... mmol/L - Consider cause ... Prevention - Consider cause ... of hyperkalaemia ... #management #algorithm
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Resistance • Beta ... #IntercellularShift ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
potassium • Beta ... blockers • Antibiotics ... cell membrane - Beta ... adrenergic receptor blockers ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Emergent Hyperkalemia Treatment Algorithm
ECG changes, weakness, K+ >6.5 Or renal insufficiency with K >5.5 with cellular
Emergent Hyperkalemia ... Treatment Algorithm ... bradycardia, AV blocks ... Combo of insulin + beta-agonist ... #Treatment #Algorithm