10 results
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... 2 - Beta Blockers ... 3 - Potassium Channel ... alpha & beta adrenergic ... #Pharmacology #Classification
Antiarrhythmic Medications - Vaughan Williams Classification - Summary Table
Class I agents - Sodium Channel Blockers⠀
Class II
Vaughan Williams Classification ... are beta blockers ... - Potassium Channel ... Blockers Class ... #Medications #Classification
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Vaughan Williams Classification ... 2 - Beta Blockers ... 3 - Potassium Channel ... alpha & beta adrenergic ... #Pharmacology #Classification
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Aldosterone • ENaC blockers ... nephropathy • Beta ... #Hyperkalemia #IntercellularShift ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alkalosis • ↑ beta ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... cells: Insulin, Beta-Agonist ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... Ketoconazole Low ... - NSAlDs - Beta-Blockers ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... #differential #causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... , TTKG, distal flow ... Resistance • Beta ... #Hyperkalemia #IntercellularShift ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Beta-Adrenergic ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... Diagnosis #High #Potassium ... #Classification ... #Causes
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... correcting serum potassium ... angiotensin receptor blockers ... continued in most cases