17 results
Hormones Acting on the Nephron - Diuretics and Their Site of Action
 1) Acetazolamide
 2) Osmotic
Hormones Acting ... Their Site of Action ... mannitol) 3) Loop ... HCTZ) 5) Potassium-sparing ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Diuretics sites of action ... . mannitol) 3) Loop ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... #pharmacology #nephrology ... medications #sites #action
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
, Mechanism of Action ... empagliflozin LOOP ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... summary #table #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Gap and Non-anion ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, jejunal loop ... , ileal loop ... Potassium-sparing ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... GI losses (NG suction ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Non-reabsorbable anion ... High Urine Cl - Loop ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... blood pressure: Active ... of sodium and potassium ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinicians should also look ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting • NG suction ... • Diuretics (loop ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm