9 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperreflexia: • Delayed ... #differential #
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Renal failure, acute ... Parathyroid hormone–related ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... gland structure-related ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Hypercalcemia due to increased Vitamin D levels
 • The BIG 3:
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Crohn's disease, Acute ... Genetic: Williams syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #endocrinology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... An acute rise or ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... Acute illness ... Malabsorption syndrome ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Reversible course Differential ... , ADEM, Acute toxic ... the underlying cause ... until cause identified
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... - Differential ... Malabsorption Syndromes ... • Sepsis • Acute ... #endocrinology
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Digoxin and related ... uropathy, post-acute ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... #Differential #