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diagnosis differential rheumatology classification hematology sle allergy dermatology table vasculitis cardiology comparison erythematosus hyperkalemia hypersensitivity management nephrology oncology pathophysiology reactions
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
- Local and systemic ... antigen, leading to complement ... Complement activation ... arthritis, and systemic ... lupus erythematosus
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... 1 (50%-80%), type ... glomerulonephritis (>90%) S - Systemic ... Lupus Erythematosus ... Hypocomplementemia #Low #Complement
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. Type 1 - Mediators: lgE - Antigen Form: Soluble
Allergen-specific lgE causes ... antigens, leading to complement ... they activate complement ... glomerulonephritis, Systemic ... lupus erythematosus
Type III Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Definition: Small antigen-antibody complexes (produced from normal immune response to
Type III Hypersensitivity ... self-antigens are the cause ... : • Systemic Lupus ... antigens are the cause ... sickness #TypeIII #Type3
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Diagnosis and Management Summary • Epidemiology: 10-180/100,000, Typically Age 20-40, F:M
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... , oral ulcers, Lupus ... Positive in 60-80% of cases ... 80% - Low complement ... #Systemic #Erythematosus
Cryoglobulinemia Summary Cryoglobulins: • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
activate the immune system ... • They can cause ... Cryoglobulins Cause ... • Low serum C4 complement ... lupus erythematosus
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
pathophysiologic causes ... staining): • Low Complement ... Post-strep GN, Lupus ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of Splenomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Infectious • Bacterial • Viral (EBV) • Parasitic • Fungal Congestive
Causes of Splenomegaly ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Inflammatory • Systemic ... Lupus Erythematosus ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Diffuse Lymphadenopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Reactive: - Systemic Inflammatory •
Causes of Diffuse ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Reactive: - Systemic ... Inflammatory • Systemic ... Lupus Erythematosus
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE Drug Induced Lupus (DIL): • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
cases, drug-dependent ... 90% - Low complement ... Discontinuation of causal ... months to years) Systemic ... 80% - Low complement
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