9 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cerebral salt wasting ... #Causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Differential # ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential #
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... causes differentiated ... staining): • Low Complement ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis #differential ... #diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... and Screening Testing ... Common causes: ... agent Uncommon causes ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #Hyponatremia #differential
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... confirmed via genetic testing ... continued in most cases ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #nephrology
PFAPA Syndrome - Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis

EPIDEMIOLOGY:
PFAPA is the most common syndrome entailing
fever (FMF) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ... DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS ... The classic presentation ... detected with testing ... It causes the absolute