13 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
EKG Findings Causes ... Milk-alkali syndrome • Vitamin ... #Differential # ... Causes #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Causes of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism 
 • Possible Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... - Differential ... Granulomatous Disorders (eg ... tuberculosis) • Vitamin ... Osteolytic Metastasis, Vitamin
Causes of Hypercalcemia due to increased Vitamin D levels
 • The BIG 3:
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... due to increased Vitamin ... jamiekwillows #Hypercalcemia ... #VitaminD #causes ... #differential #
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Genetic disorders (e.g ... syndromes Excess vitamin ... Ingested or topical vitamin ... #Causes #Differential
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis ... Low PTH: • Elevated ... Cholecalciferol - Excess Vitamin ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... High PTH • Vitamin ... • Hereditary Vitamin ... Poisoning #Hypocalcemia ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... - Differential ... Hyperphosphatemia, Low ... Hypophosphatemia: Vitamin ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... dietary intake - Vitamin ... Malabsorption syndrome - Vitamin ... Neck surgery - Low ... #Causes #Differential
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Amphotericin B, Vitamin ... Hyperparathyroidism, Hypercalcemic ... #differential # ... nephrology #magnesium #low
Complications after Bariatric Surgery
Post Bariatric Intestinal Failure:
 • Severe protein malnutrition after bariatric surgery
 • More
hyperglycemia and vitamin ... Tx: Small and low ... causes increased ... operative CCY risk is low ... gastroenterology #diagnosis #differential