11 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
EKG Findings Causes ... Milk-alkali syndrome • Vitamin ... Electrocardiogram #Differential ... #Causes #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis ... Low PTH: • Elevated ... Cholecalciferol - Excess Vitamin ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... - Differential ... Hyperphosphatemia, Low ... Hypophosphatemia: Vitamin ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... dietary intake - Vitamin ... Malabsorption syndrome - Vitamin ... Neck surgery - Low ... #Causes #Differential
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Approach - MCV) Low ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin ... morphologic #mcv #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #hematology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Amphotericin B, Vitamin ... Hyperparathyroidism, Hypercalcemic ... #differential # ... nephrology #magnesium #low
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... deficiency • Vitamin ... Hyperlipidemia - Hypercalcemia ... Phosphatase: • Other causes ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Complications after Bariatric Surgery
Post Bariatric Intestinal Failure:
 • Severe protein malnutrition after bariatric surgery
 • More
hyperglycemia and vitamin ... Tx: Small and low ... causes increased ... operative CCY risk is low ... gastroenterology #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... - Differential ... absorption • Vitamin ... absorption - Intestinal bypass ... #Differential #
Causes of Anemia in Cirrhosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
LOW RETIC INDEX - ↓ PRODUCTION
 • Vitamin
Causes of Anemia ... in Cirrhosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework LOW ... PRODUCTION • Vitamin ... #Diagnosis #Hepatology