12 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... • Symptoms of UTI ... and treat for UTI ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology
Altered Mental Status - Differential Diagnosis
 • Neurologic: Stroke, Cerebral hypoxia, Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure, Trauma, TBI,
Altered Mental Status ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Neurologic: ... Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure ... • Infectious: UTI
Abnormally Colored Urine - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Red:
 - Hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, Myoglobinuria
 - Beets, Rhubarb, Blackberries, Artificial
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypercalcemia, Pseudomonas UTI ... patients with UTI ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
disease, Pseudomonas UTI ... Bag Syndrome - UTI ... Serratia marcescens UTI ... Proteus mirabilis UTI ... #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes of Altered ... Catheter + Alkaline UTI ... ochronosis) #Altered ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Fever • UTI ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g ... Polyuria Mimics (↑ urine ... volume): • UTI ... #Causes #nephrology
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Red Urine:
 • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder
 • Meds: rifampin,
Urine Color - Differential ... Diagnosis Red Urine ... Medical conditions: UTI ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... discoloration #nephrology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... HIV, or lyme • Altered ... fever, myalgia), seizures ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Altered mental ... may precede the neurologic ... • EEG: With persistent ... altered level of ... #management #neurology