27 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... - Some crystals ... disorders or excreted medications ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... due to acidosis-induced ... #differential #diagnosis
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Causes of Altered Urine ... Uric acid crystals ... Purple (Purple Urine ... #Altered #Urine ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Drug Induced Kidney Injury
 • Pre-Renal: NSAIDS, CNI, ACEI/ARB, IL-2 therapy, Diuretics CAR-T therapy
 • Osmotic
Drug Induced Kidney ... Contrast agents • Crystal ... Disease: Drug induced ... #differential #diagnosis ... algorithm #nephrology #Medications
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
Differential Diagnosis ... edema, active urine ... Antihistone: Drug induced ... activation and/or medications ... #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Medications causing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration: Diuretics
 • Altered intrarenal autoregulation: ACEIs / ARBs,
Medications causing ... Bactrim), NSAIDs • Crystal ... Kidney #Injury #Medications ... #Drugs #pharmacology ... #differential #diagnosis
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced ... #differential #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic ... urine Cl; • ... urine Cl; • ... Other medications ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Drug-Induced Seizures - OTIS-CAMPBELL

O - Organophosphate, oral hypoglycemics, opioid
T - TCA, theophylline
I - Isoniazid, Insulin
S -
Drug-Induced Seizures ... Kat_Watson #Drug #Induced ... #Seizures #Medication ... #Differential #Pharmacology ... #Diagnosis #OTISCAMPBELL
Differential Diagnosis of Acute Arthritis

Crystal-induced arthritis: Calcium oxalate, gout, cholesterol, pseudogout, hydroxyapatite crystals

Infectious arthritis: Bacteria, fungi,
Differential Diagnosis ... Acute Arthritis Crystal-induced ... hydroxyapatite crystals ... systemic lupus erythematosus ... villonodular synovitis #Diagnosis