9 results
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate ... Gas) (-) Likely Metabolic ... Alkalosis Urine ... Cl > 20 (Saline ... #alkalosis #algorithm
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... syndrome #Primary #Metabolic
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... aldosteronism #Metabolic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Cl- responsive ... Kidney loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate ... Loss (Negative urine ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... aldosterone escape #Metabolic
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
Cons Calcium carbonate ... Sevelamer Carbonate ... see above), no metabolic ... Phosphate #Binders #Table ... #Comparison #Pharmacology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... caused by Ca2+ crystals ... Diuresis #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
status and low urine ... #differential #algorithm ... cardiology #treatment #table ... icu #clinical #pharmacology