23 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
of Hypoxemia- Differential ... • Pulmonary Arterial ... Defect ** • Atrial ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Abnormalities • Chest
Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Atrial Fibrillation ... exercise intolerance, chest ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... #Fibrillation #Cardiology ... #Management #Algorithm
Causes of Palpitations
 • ARRHYTHMiA 
 • SINUS ARRYTHMIA 
 • ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 
 • ATRIAL
ARRYTHMIA • ATRIAL ... PARKINSON WHITE SYNDROME ... PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA • PULMONARY ... Palpitations #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation: CNS ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Weakness, Loss of Chest ... Elasticity (flail chest ... #hypoxemia #differential
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal ... symptomatology Differential ... high resolution chest ... Bronchoscopy with serial ... #differential #
Highlighted Conditions With Arteritis or Periarteritis of the Coronaries
Takayasu's arteritis:
 - Onset < 40 yrs
 -
sinusitis - pulmonary ... pancreatitis Erdheim-Chester ... osteosclerosis) - Right atrial ... Coronaries #Arteritis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Chronic Dyspnea - Differential ... • Sub-Valvular Disease ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... Arrhythmia • Atrial ... Thickening/Masses Chest
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Heart Failure - Differential ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... Arterial Hypertension ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology ... #Differential #
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
Rapid Response Management ... asthma • Pleural disease ... Hypoventilation: • CNS ... MG, ALS) • ↓ chest ... Hypoxemia #Hypoxia #differential
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
life-threatening diseases ... Inflammatory eye disease ... Other tests: • CT chest ... #differential # ... diagnosis #management