26 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Syndromes #Classification ... #Diagnosis
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
chronic kidney diseases ... suggestive of nephrotic ... sydnrome • Pigment ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
microscopy • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... • Granular casts ... #nephrology #casts
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic ... Pulmonary Diseases ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... #nephrology #sodium
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Urinary obstruction, Nephrotoxic ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... are caused by prerenal ... isotonic fluids (NS ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... tubular necrosis (causes ... Acute interstitial nephritis ... Kidney #Injury #Classification ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Lupus Nephritis - Diagnostic approach to kidney disease associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
SLE patient develops
- Diagnostic approach ... to kidney disease ... dysmorphic RBCs, RBC casts ... , WBC casts) especially ... #sle #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... - Differential Diagnosis ... : Disease process ... Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
cell/white cell casts ... impairment), heart disease ... cluster, the diseases ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #syndrome #nephrology